Test Strategy :
A test strategy is a statement of the overall approach to testing, identifying what levels of testing are to be applied and the methods, techniques and tools to be used. A test strategy should ideally be organization wide, being applicable to all of organizations software developments.The application of a test strategy to a software development project should be detailed in the projects software quality plan.
The next stage of test design, which is the first stage within a software development project, is the development of a test plan. A test plan states what the items to be tested are, at what level they will be tested, what sequence they are to be tested in, how the test strategy will be applied to the testing of each item, and describes the test environment.
Components in the Test Strategy are as follows:
1. Scope and objective
2. Business issues
3. Roles and responsibilities
4. Communication and status reporting
5. Test deliverability
6. Test approach
7. Test automation and tools
8. Testing measurements and metrices
9. Risks and mitigation
10. Defect reporting and tracking
11. Change and configuration management
12. Training plan
Test Plan :
A Test Plan describes the approach, Features to be tested, Testers assigned, and whatever you plan for your project. A Test Plan is usually prepared by Manager or Team Lead. That is true but not exclusively. It depends on what the test plan is intended for. Some companies have defined a test plan as being what most would consider a test case. Meaning that it is for one part of the functionality validation.
A test plan may be project wide, or may in fact be a hierarchy of plans relating to the various levels of specification and testing:
• An Acceptance Test Plan, describing the plan for acceptance testing of the software. This would usually be published as a separate document, but might be published with the system test plan as a single document.
• A System Test Plan, describing the plan for system integration and testing. This would also usually be published as a separate document, but might be published with the acceptance test plan.
• A Software Integration Test Plan, describing the plan for integration of testes software components. This may form part of the Architectural Design Specification.
• Unit Test Plan(s), describing the plans for testing of individual units of software. These may form part of the Detailed Design Specifications.
The objective of each test plan is to provide a plan for verification, by testing the software, that the software produced fulfils the requirements or design statements of the appropriate software specification. In the case of acceptance testing and system testing, this means the Requirements Specification.
Test plan is the freezed document developed from SRS(Specification Requirement Document). After completion of testing team formation and risk analysis, Test Lead is preparing test plan document in term of what to test, how to test, who to test, and when to test.There is one Master Test Plan consists of reviewed Project Test Plan and Phase Test Plan. so there is general talk about Project Test Plan.
Components are as follows:
1. Test Plan id
2. Introduction
3. Test items
4. Features to be tested
5. Features not to be tested
6. Approach
7. Testing tasks
8. Suspension criteria
9. Features pass or fail criteria
10. Test environment (Entry criteria, Exit criteria)
11. Test deliverable
12. Staff and training needs
13. Responsibilities
14. Schedule
15. Risk and mitigation
16. Approach
Conclusion :Test Plan is the Document which deals with the When,What and Who will do the Project and Test Strategy is the document which deals with the How to do the project, In case if i wrong anywhere kindly give the feedback.
Why does software have bugs?
1. understanding or no communication - understand the application requirements.
2. Software complexity - the complexity of current software applications can be difficult to comprehend for anyone without experience in modern-day software development.
3. Programming errors - programmers "can" make mistakes.
4. Changing requirements - A redesign, rescheduling of engineers, effects on other projects, etc. If there are many minor changes or any major changes, known and unknown dependencies among parts of the project are likely to interact and cause problems, and the complexity of keeping track of changes may result in errors.
5. Time pressures - scheduling of software projects is difficult at best, often requiring a lot of guesswork. When deadlines loom and the crunch comes, mistakes will be made.
6. Poorly documented code - it's tough to maintain and modify code that is badly written or poorly documented that result as bugs.
7. Software development tools - various tools often introduce their own bugs or are poorly documented, resulting in added bugs.
